Citizens lobby

 LOBBYING FOR CHANGE . Find Your Voice to Create a Better Society

Great questions and answers, by Alberto Alemanno: 

How do we make government work for us? How can we save us from ourselves?

We face a dramatic gap between the problem-solving ability of our political system and our needs as a society. While this gap explains much of our social disengagement and disillusionment with traditional politics, it opens up a promising space for new, unconventional forms of active citizenship and civic engagement, as well as individual and collective empowerment.

This is the space we want and can occupy, as citizens. And it is set to grow as people abandon mainstream politics. That’s the space I want to you show you in the second part of this book.

Introducing nudging in the law

Nudge and the Law. A European Perspective

Alberto Alemanno is an HEC law professor focused on issues on behavioral policies and regulation. Now he has edited an interesting book. You can check it from this index:

1. The Emergence of Behavioural Policy-Making:A European Perspective

Part I: Integrating Behavioural Sciences into EU Law-Making
2. Behavioural Sciences in Practice: Lessons for EU Rulemakers
3. Nudging and Evidence-Based Policy in Europe: Problems of Normative Legitimacy and Effectiveness
4 . Judge the Nudge: In Search of the Legal Limits of Paternalistic Nudging in the EU

Part II: De-Biasing Through EU Law and Beyond
5. Can Experts be Trusted and what can be done about it? Insights from the Biases and Heuristics Literature
6. Overcoming Illusions of Control: How to Nudge and Teach Regulatory Humility

Part III: The Impact of Behavioural Sciences on EU Policies
7. Behavioural Sciences and EU Data Protection Law: Challenges and Opportunities
8. Behavioural Sciences and the Regulation of Privacy on the Internet
9. EU Consumer Protection and Behavioural Sciences:Revolution or Reform?
10. What can EU Health Law Learn from Behavioural Sciences? The Case of EU Lifestyle Regulation
11. Conduct of Business Rules in EU Financial Services Regulation: Behavioural Rules Devoid of Behavioural Analysis?

Part IV: Problems with Behaviourally Informed Regulation
12 . Making Sense of Nudge-Scepticism: Three Challenges to EU Law ’ s Learning from Behavioural Sciences
13. Behavioural Trade-Offs: Beyond the Land of Nudges Spans the World of Law and Psychology
14. Epilogue: The Legitimacy and Practicability of EU Behavioural Policy-Making

The book deserves time reading it, specially if you are interested in latest trends on nudging and regulation. However, if you don't have enough time, go straight to chapter 10. This is what you should read about implications of nudging on Public Health. He says,

Our previous analysis made a case for more experimentation in behaviourally informed regulation in the EU lifestyle policy. This seems particularly true when examined in light of the limited results attained by self-regulatory schemes led by the food, alcohol, and tobacco industries. While the evidence of what works in terms of behaviour change strategies is limited and too often anecdotal, several success factors have progressively been identified in policy-making.

 These success factors are those we have to check in our close environment and test wether it is worth taking this regulatory approach.

TTIP and health

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) Towards an EU-US trade deal
EU position paper on medical devices
EU position on pharmaceutical products

Up to now the negotiation about the TTIP has avoided health care and has focused on pharmaceuticals and medical devices. This is the latest summary:

Round 9
Pharmaceuticals
The progress of the task force in charge of assessing the equivalence of EU and US Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) systems was reviewed. Audits of Member States GMP inspectorates observed by US FDA took place and will continue during 2015. The EU will audit the US inspectoratate in September 2015. Other areas such as biosimilars, generics and international cooperation were discussed. The EU welcomed the first authorisation of a biosimilar by FDA. EU committed to submit a proposal for cooperation on generics ahead of next round. 

Medical devices
The EU presented its position paper on medical devices recently published in the web site. The US asked clarifications on the mutual recognition of quality management system audits concept (one of the objectives detailed in the paper) and its relation with the international Medical Devices Single Audit Programme (MDSAP). The EU noted that while it is committed to MDSAP work, a legal basis needs to be established for it to be able to accept audit reports carried out by US inspectors (TTIP could serve as such legal basis). Both sides took stock of progress on the two other TTIP priorities (Unique Device Identifier -UDI and Regulated Product Submission - RPS). Next steps were agreed for each topic.

On May 27th, a meeting in Brussels will be held with all stakeholders. Position papers on both issues are available. The assesment of the whole implications of this Treaty is still pending. A general approach is available in the paper by LSE scholars. The key documents and position papers are here.
A summary of the current regulation is here. As far as there is only limited information I will avoid any opinion about it by now.

PS. Alberto Alemanno paper on TTIP

Risky lifestyle regulation, what's new?

Regulating Lifestyle Risks The EU, Alcohol, Tobacco and Unhealthy Diets

Since we all agree that lifestyles affect health, then more evidence is needed on what to do and how to do it. Fortunately, a new book summarises the state of the art on regulating lifestyles. Selected sentences from two selected chapters 14 and 15:
Nudging healthier lifestyles: Informing the non-communicable diseases agenda with behavioural insights
by Alberto Alemanno

In sum, most behavioural insights consist of ‘mechanisms rather than law-like generalizations’.66 For purposes of policy, it would therefore be valuable to have a better understanding of how the major findings of behavioural research apply within heterogeneous groups. Unfortunately, due to methodological and empirical complexity, current variety of behavioural studies.71 A number of different types of studies are possible, such as (a) experiments, (b) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and (c) surveys. 

Using outcome regulation to contend with lifestyle risks in Europe Tobacco, unhealthy diets, and alcohol
by Stephen d. Sugarman

In conclusion, outcome regulation offers a new way to deal with lifestyle risks – risks that people now take but at a deep level want reduced. That is, mature peoplemostly do not want to smoke or get drunk or eat unhealthily. They have been enticed into doing so in substantial part because of marketing efforts by sellers of these products who have created social norms in support of their consumption. People also drink, smoke, and eat the wrong things because they provide short-termpleasure, even if they also bring with them long-term serious harms.

There are some debatable conclusions, however this book is a required reading for any health regulator.

PS, NYT article on mediterranean diet, original in BMJ..